Method and application equipment for the powder painting of a manufatured article

ABSTRACT

The method used for powder painting a manufactured article comprises the application of a first layer of powder paint, the fixing of the first paint layer, the application of a second layer of powder paint in a colour, tone and/or properties that are different from those of the first layer, the final baking of the first and second layers of paint, the rolling and/or brushing of the manufactured article to confer the required decoration thereon, and it is obtained by the continuous forward movement of at least one manufactured article and by performing by painting means and by rolling and/or brushing means respectively, during the rolling and/or brushing steps, a corresponding closed cyclic passage comprising the movement of the manufactured article for at least a first section during which it is subject to relative transfer between the painting means and the respective rolling and/or brushing means and the manufactured article.

The present invention relates to a method and equipment for theapplication of powder painting on a manufactured article. Powderpainting is currently used very widely in the field of surfacedecoration to imitate a wood finish on metal sections normally destinedfor manufacturing window and door frames.

The painting method traditionally used comprises a first step for theapplication of a first layer of base coat, followed by a step for fixingsaid layer by means of partial paint polymerisation, a successive stepcomprising the application of a second decorative layer of paint, and afinal step comprising the baking method to complete the polymerisationof the two layers of paint.

Traditional painting methods present certain drawbacks that restrictwide scale industrial application, above all in the application of thedecorative layer that often requires control by an experienced andexpert person.

Because of the need for qualified personnel, this traditional paintingmethod results as not being very productive.

Other painting methods using automated systems are well-known, but thefinal results are not satisfactory because the reproduction of therequired decorative appearance is not acceptable.

Therefore the technical object of the present invention is to realise apowder painting method and application equipment for manufacturedarticles that will eliminate the technical drawbacks encountered inprior art.

In the context of this technical task, one object of the invention is torealise a completely automated method and application equipment forpowder painting.

A further object of the invention is to realise a powder painting methodand application equipment able to provide an imitation wood finish thatreproduces the required decorative pattern perfectly on the manufacturedarticle.

Yet another object of the present finding is to provide a powderpainting method and application equipment that will optimise productivecyclic times eliminating idle time.

Last but not least object of the invention is to realise a powderpainting method and application equipment that are economical,efficient, and easy to use.

The technical task as well as these and other objects according to thepresent invention are achieved realising a powder painting methodapplied to at least one manufactured article comprising the applicationof a first layer of powder paint, the fixing of the first paint layer,the application of a second layer of powder paint in a colour, toneand/or properties that are different from those of the first layer, thefinal baking of the first and at least second layers of paint, therolling and/or brushing of the manufactured article to confer therequired decoration thereon, characterised in that said method isobtained through the continuous forward movement of said at least onearticle, and by passing at least first painting means during thepainting step, and first rolling and/or brushing means respectively,during the rolling and/or brushing steps, in a corresponding closedcyclic passage comprising the travel of the manufactured article for atleast a first following up section of said at least one manufacturedarticle during which it is subject to relative transfer between said atleast first painting means and rolling and/or brushing meansrespectively and said at least one manufactured article.

Other characteristics of the present invention are explained in thefollowing claims.

Further characteristics and advantages of the invention will be moreevident in the description of a preferred but not limiting embodiment ofthe powder painting method and application equipment according to thefinding illustrated as an example but in no way limitative, in theappended drawings wherein:

FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of the various powder painting methodsteps according to the present finding;

FIG. 2 shows a plane view of the rolling and/or brushing centre of thepresent invention in idle position;

FIG. 3 shows a side view in elevation of the rolling and brushing centreshown in FIG. 2 demonstrating a single left hand side roller/brush unitonly in working position, where the dotted lines show the working andidle positions of the right hand side roller/brush unit;

FIG. 4 shows an enlargement of the support element of an envisagedmanufactured article applied to an overhead transport conveyor accordingto the present finding.

In reference to FIG. 1, an automated powder painting equipment for oneor more manufactured articles 2 is shown, identified throughout by thereference numeral 1.

The method carried out by the equipment 1 is preferably developed insequence through a first painting centre 3, in which a first base coatis applied to each manufactured article 2, a fixing station 4 comprisingan oven (not illustrated) for fixing or partial polymerisation of thebase coat, a second painting centre 5 where each manufactured article 2is coated with a second layer of paint with a colour, tone and/orproperties different from the first base coat, a rolling and/or brushingequipment 6, used exclusively for brushing operations to confer auniform variegated aspect, a second fixing station for fixing the secondcoat of paint, at least a third painting centre 8 where each article 9is coated with a third layer of paint, a second brushing and/or rollingequipment 6 used exclusively for brushing operations to provide eacharticle with the required decorative finish, and a final baking station9 adapted to complete the polymerisation process of the three paintlayers applied to each manufactured article 2.

In reference to the other remaining figures, each manufactured article 2is transported by an overhead conveyor line 10 controlled by drivingmeans, such as a motor 11, adapted to transport each manufacturedarticle 2 in continuous mode through the successive steps of thepainting process.

The illustrated equipment 1 is vertical type, but the inventive conceptof the present finding can be just as easily applied to horizontalpainting equipment.

In the equipment 1 each manufactured article is therefore suspendedvertically and travels in a horizontal direction.

Each manufactured article 2 is typically a metal section with four sidesin the form of 2 pairs of sides opposite each other, therefore thetreatment in each painting centre and each roller and/or brusher unitrequires two separate positions between which a rotation unit ispositioned (not shown) adapted to rotate each manufactured article 2 by90° so that one pair of opposite sides of each article 2 is treated atthe same time in the first position, while the other pair of oppositesides is treated at the same time in the second position.

Advantageously, both the painting means (in the form of a spray gun forexample, not shown) and the rolling and/or brushing means on the rollerand/or brush equipment are supported by a corresponding mobile supportunit adapted to move said means along the closed cyclic passage duringuse.

This closed cyclic passage comprises at least one section of themanufactured article 2 travel path which develops along a direction on aslope compared to the movement direction of manufactured article 2, andduring which the painting means or brushing and/or roller means issubject to position change in relation to article 2.

In particular, in order to apply each layer of paint, the painting meansfollows a first section along the corresponding cyclic passage, thissection being on a slope compared to the article 2 movement direction, afirst return section in the direction parallel to the article 2 movementdirection, a second section on a slope compared to the article 2movement direction, and a second return section parallel to the article2 movement direction.

Therefore the painting means follows an “8” shaped path composed of twoforward movement lines and two return lines.

Measuring means (not shown) is positioned corresponding to at least thesecond painting centre, and in particular, both the second and the thirdpainting centres. Said measuring means is the same size as themanufactured articles 2 connected to a control means adapted to enablethe delivery of a precise amount of paint according to the measurementperformed and a dedicated formula that decides the amount of paintnecessary for the final required finish effect.

In particular, the measuring means includes a first photocell thatdetects a first measurement related to the size of one of the pairs ofopposite sides of article 2 and a second photocell that detects thesecond measurement related to the other pair of opposite sides ofarticle 2.

This double measurement can be carried out by rotating the article 2 by90° between one measuring operation and the other.

The result of the double measurement is transmitted to said controlmeans, in turn connected to data storage means containing all theinformation in relation to the amount of paint to be used according tothe calculated measurements.

In particular data storage means contains a first series of valuesconcerning the amount of paint to be used and a second series of valueranges equal to the sum of the first and second measurement.

Each value of the first series is associated with a value range of thesecond series, so that after receiving the values of the first andsecond measurements, the control means checks at which value range thesum of the first and second measurement belong, and refer back to thecorresponding value of the amount of paint to be used.

In order to create the corresponding cyclic passage, the mobile supportunit (not shown) of the painting means moves preferably along a fixedguide comprising a first and a second portion of guide on a slopecompared to the article 2 movement direction, and a third and a fourthportion parallel to the article 2 movement direction.

The same cyclic passage can be created in an alternative manner whereinthe mobile support unit of the painting means can move on a guide set atright angles, and in this particular case, set vertically in relation tothe manufactured article 2 movement direction, and is mounted on anothersupport that moves in a direction parallel to the manufactured article 2movement direction.

Below is the description of the roller and/or brushing equipment 6.

This is composed of a frame 13 having two opposite rows of uprights 14,adapted to limit the work area along which the article(s) 2 travel onthe centre line transported by the overhead conveyor 10.

The equipment 6 includes at least a first mobile support unit for atleast the first roller and/or brushing means, for example a first roller50/brush 51 unit. Preferably, the side surface of roller 50 will becoated with a layer of elastically deformable material, the work facebeing composed of hollows and peaks especially processed on the surfaceaccording to the graphic result required on the manufactured article 2finish.

Preferably, the equipment 6 has at least a second roller and/or brushingmeans, for example a second roller/brush unit for simultaneous rollingand/or brushing of the two manufactured articles.

In particular, the equipment 6 has a first set 45 and a second set 46 oftwo pairs of roller/brush units opposite each other in relation to thecentre line of the work area.

The article 2 rotation unit is positioned between the first and secondsets of roller/brush units 45 and 46.

The adjacent roller/brush units of the first and second sets 45 and 46respectively, are supported by a single corresponding mobile supportunit 15 adapted to guide them along the closed cyclic passage comprisinga single portion of the manufactured article 2 passage during which therelative position change between roller/brush unit and article 2 is set.

The section develops along a slope compared to the article 2 movementdirection.

Advantageously, the uprights 14 are set on a slant to act as a runnerguide for corresponding support units 15.

Preferably at least a first roller/brush unit, and in particular eachroller/brush unit has its axis at right angles to the direction of theslanting uprights 14.

Each mobile support unit 15 is associated with a carriage 25 pulledalong a corresponding upright 14 of the frame 13 by a transmission organ26, for example a jagged belt, attached to the carriage 25 and driven bya suitable motor 27.

The equipment 6 presents at least a first moving means 28 for moving atleast the first roller and/or brushing means at right angles to thearticle 2 movement direction between an idle position and an operatingposition.

For each roller/brush unit, said moving means 28 are composed of alinear actuator 29 comprising, for example, a cylinder 32 integral withthe mobile support unit 15 and a piston 33 that controls the carriage 30run at right angles to article 2 travel direction in a guide 31, alsointegral with the mobile support unit 15.

Each carriage 30 supports a corresponding roller/brush unit mounted witha rotating roller, and a brush mounted in fixed position.

The brush can be easily removed in cases where brushing is to beperformed at a different moment from the rolling operation.

Each carriage 30 is also mounted with a roller rotation control motor34.

Naturally a transmission organ, preferably a jagged belt 35, is mountedbetween the roller and its driving motor 34. The overhead conveyorsystem 10 is provided with support organs 16 adapted to support themanufactured articles 2 revolving around an axis basically at rightangles to its movement direction, and in this specific case, around abasically vertical axis.

The support organ 16 presents a first plate shaped positioning element17 and at least a second element 18, respectively that can be engaged ina selective manner by the first or second guide means 20 and 21 toorient each manufactured article 2 during rolling and/or brushingoperations in a first or at least second pre-established angularrotation position, preferably basically rotated at 90° in relation tothe first pre-established angular position.

The plate shaped positioning elements 17 and 18 are positioned alongsideeach other with their surfaces lying flat basically at right angles toeach other. The support organ 16 is oriented so that the plate-shapedpositioning elements 17 and 18 are oriented one on top of the other.

The guide means 20 and 21 are also positioned one on top of the other sothat each means corresponds with one or the other of the plate-shapedpositioning elements 17 and 18.

The guide means 20 and 21 are moved by a corresponding linear actuator23 at right angles to the article 2 movement direction, and are providedwith a pair of plates 24 facing each other to form a guide runnerchannel that is only slightly wider than the thickness of theplate-shaped positioning elements 17 and 18.

Each linear actuator 23 comprises, for example, a cylinder 40 attachedto the fixed support frame of the mobile support unit 15 and a piston 41that activates the guide means 20 and 21. As it is known, each end ofeach roller axis is mounted with two fixed arms destined for two suctionmeans (not shown) for example, suction vents, adapted to remove anypaint eliminated during the roller treatment on the manufactured article2.

The painting method, and with particular reference to the operationsthat are performed in at least one of the painting centres and in atleast one of the brushing and/or roller centres, is apparent from thedescriptions and illustrations above, and in particular, the method iscomposed as follows:

As it travels along the continuous passage in a painting centre, themanufactured article 2 is subject to a first measuring operation tocalculate the size of a pair of opposite side faces, afterwards it isthen rotated by goo with respect to the measurement means, and it issubject to a second measurement to calculate the size of the other pairof opposite side faces.

In the paint centre it is firstly performed the application of a paintlayer on a pair of opposite side faces of the article according to thefirst detected measure and a dedicated formula to obtain the desiredpaint amount for the final required effect.

The article is then rotated by 90° and is painted at the other pair ofits opposite side faces according to the second detected measure and adedicated formula to obtain the desired paint amount for the finalrequired effect.

Each spray gun in the forward following up section of its cyclic passageperforms the painting, from top to bottom or vice versa on the articleand in the return following up section of its cyclic passage performsthe painting, from bottom to top or vice versa on the successive article(if present).

On the other hand, during the forward continuous passage through aroller and/or brushing equipment, an article, and then the successivearticle (if present) pass through the first set of two pairs ofroller/brush units positioned opposite each other and are simultaneouslysubject to the rolling and/or brushing treatment in correspondence tothe pair of opposite face surfaces each one carried out by acorresponding pair of roller/brush units opposite each other.

The two pairs of roller/brush units opposite each other carry out theirfunction in the following up section of the corresponding cyclic passagefrom top to bottom and in the unloaded return passage, from bottom totop.

After the passage through the first series of roller/brush units thearticle(s) are rotated by 90° and are conveyed to the second set of tworoller/brush units opposite each other to be subjected to a similarrolling and/or brushing treatment corresponding to the other pair ofside faces.

During the rolling and/or brushing treatment each mobile support unit 15moves along the corresponding sloped upright 14, while each carriage 30moves the corresponding roller/brush unit as needed between the workposition and idle position. Still during the brushing and/or rollingtreatment through the first set of roller/brush units, the first mobileguides 20 slide to engage the first plate-shaped element 17 of supportorgan 16 so as to block the lying position of the article(s) with a pairof opposite side surfaces facing the second set of roller/brush units.

In similar manner, during the rolling and/or brushing treatment throughthe second set of roller/brush units the second mobile guide means 21slides to engage the second plate-shaped element 17 of support organ 16so as to block the lying position of the article(s) with the other pairof opposite side faces, facing the second set of roller/brush units.

During the relative movement between each roller/brush unit and themanufactured article, used to slide the roller/brush unit along thetotal face of the article to be treated, the roller can be activated toroll without or with a sliding action on the article face.

Rolling action without roller sliding on the article face acts so thatthe work surface of the coating layer adheres to the article face to bedecorated, and so that the powder paint previously laid in a uniformmanner on the surface to be decorated is picked up by the protrudingpeaks of the matrix on the roller coating layer leaving an impressionthat reproduces perfectly the original matrix pattern.

The rolling and sliding action by the roller on the article creates animpression on the face to be decorated that does not reproduce the exactpattern of the matrix, but creates a distorted effect that imitates woodgrain and knots.

In particular, with the roller sliding action on the article, raised andrecessed effects are obtained that confer the required tactile as wellas visual aspect of wood.

This is obtained due to the fact that the roller shifts the last powderpaint layer, modifying the thickness before final polymerisation.

Lastly, it should be noted that as more than one baking operations areenvisaged to complete paint layer polymerisation, and in particular, afirst baking treatment to fix the first base coat, a second baking tofix the second paint layer, that is a light coating, and a third andfinal baking to complete the polymerisation of the first layer, secondlayer and third layer of coating paint, the adhesion between the variouslayers of paint, and between the first layer and the article's metalsurface, is improved considerably.

This occurs because the plurality of baking operations helpsco-penetration between the various paint layers, and the penetration ofthe first paint layer into the porous metal surface of the article.

The third and most external paint layer can transpierce the second paintlayer completely to penetrate deeply even into the first paint layer.

In particular, as an example, with a first paint layer having atheoretical thickness of 70 microns, and a second layer and a thirdlayer, having a thickness of 5 microns, after the final baking thesecond and third paint layers will penetrate the first paint layer for adepth at least equal to 10 microns.

The painting method and application equipment thus obtained can besubject to numerous modifications and variants, all of which fallingwithin the scope of the invention; moreover, all components can bereplaced by technically equivalent elements.

1. Method for the application of powder paint on at least onemanufactured article comprising the application of a first layer ofpowder paint, the fixing of said first paint layer, the application ofat least a second layer of powder paint with a colour, tone and/orproperties different from the first paint layer, the final baking ofsaid first and at least a second paint layer, the rolling and/orbrushing of the article to reproduce the required decoration,characterised in that said method is carried out by a continuous forwardtravel motion applied to said at least one manufactured article, andsubjecting at least the first painting means during the painting step,and respectively at least the first rolling and/or brushing means duringthe rolling and/or brushing step, to move on a corresponding closedcyclic passage comprising at least a first following up section of saidat least one manufactured article during which a relative movement isimposed between said first at least painting means and respectively saidrolling and/or brushing means, and said at least one manufacturedarticle.
 2. Powder painting method according to the previous claim,characterised in that said at least first following up section developsalong a sloped direction in relation to the movement direction of saidat least one manufactured article.
 3. Powder painting method accordingto one or more of the previous claims, characterised in that at leastthe application step of said at least one second paint layer is precededby a measuring step to calculate the size of said at least onemanufactured article in order to dose the amount of paint powder to beapplied according to said measurement and a dedicated formula to obtainthe final required effect.
 4. Powder painting method according to one ormore of the previous claims, characterised in that for the applicationof each paint layer, said at least first painting means carries outalong said corresponding cyclic passage, a first following up sectionsloped in relation to the movement direction of said at least onemanufactured article, adapted to apply the paint on said at least onemanufactured article, a first return section parallel to the movementdirection of said at least one manufactured article, a second followingup section sloped in relation to the movement direction of said at leastone manufactured article, adapted to the painting of one eventual secondmanufactured article, and a second return section parallel to saidmovement direction of said at least one manufactured article.
 5. Powderpainting method according to one or more of the previous claims,characterised in that for the rolling and/or brushing operations, saidat least first rolling and/or brushing means carries out along saidcorresponding cyclic passage, a single following up section sloped inrelation to the movement direction of said at least one manufacturedarticle, adapted to carry out the rolling and/or brushing action on saidat least one manufactured article and on an eventual successive article,and along a single return section in the opposite direction to saidfirst following up section.
 6. Powder painting method according to oneor more of the previous claims, characterised in that it comprises asequence comprising the application of the first base coat of paint, thefixing of said first base coat, the application of a second light coatlayer of paint, the brushing to confer a uniform variegated aspect onsaid at least one manufactured article, the fixing of said second paintlayer, the application of a third layer of coating paint, the rollingaction to confer the required final decorative finish on said at leastone manufactured article, followed by final oven baking.
 7. Powderpainting equipment for at least one manufactured article comprising afirst centre for applying the first layer of powder paint, a firststation for fixing said first paint layer, at least a second centre forapplying at least a second layer of powder paint in a colour, toneand/or with properties different from said first paint layer, a secondstation for the final baking of said first and at least one second paintlayer, an equipment for rolling and/or brushing the manufactured articleto reproduce the desired decorative effect, characterised in that itcomprises moving means to generate the continuous forward movement ofsaid at least one said manufactured article, in that a first mobilesupport unit is mounted in each paint application centre adapted to moveat least the first paint application means along a corresponding closedcyclic passage, including at least a first following up section of saidat least one manufactured article during which a relative movement isimposed between said at least first paint application means and said atleast one article, and in that a first mobile unit exists in saidrolling and/or brushing equipment, adapted to move at least the firstroller and/or brush means along a corresponding closed passage includingat least a first following up section of said at least one manufacturedarticle during which a relative movement is imposed between said atleast first roller and/or brush means and said at least one manufacturedarticle.
 8. Powder painting equipment according to the previous claim,characterised in that in each paint application centre said cyclicpassage comprises a first following up section sloped in relation to themovement direction of said at least one said manufactured article, afirst return section parallel to the movement direction of said at leastone manufactured article, a second following up section sloped inrelation to the forward movement direction of said at least one article,and a second return section parallel to said movement direction of saidat least one article.
 9. Powder painting equipment according to one ormore of the previous claims, characterised in that it comprises meansfor measuring the size of said at least one manufactured article at theentry of said at least a second centre for the application of at least asecond paint layer, as well as control means that delivers a paintamount according to the detected measurements and to a dedicated formulato obtain the required final effect.
 10. Powder painting equipmentaccording to one or more of the previous claims, characterised in thatin each painting centre said at least first support unit for said atleast first paint application means moves on a fixed guide comprising afirst and second portion of guide sloped in relation to the forwardmovement direction of said at least one manufactured article, and athird and fourth portion parallel to the movement direction of said atleast one manufactured article.
 11. Powder painting equipment accordingto one or more of the previous claims, characterised in that in eachpainting centre said at least a first mobile support unit for said atleast first paint application means moves on a mobile guide positionedat right angles to the forward movement direction of said at least onemanufactured article and carried in turn by a mobile support unit in adirection parallel to the movement direction of said at least onemanufactured article.
 12. Equipment in a powder paint applicationequipment for rolling and/or brushing at least one manufactured articleto reproduce the desired decorative finish, characterised in that itincludes at least a first rolling and/or brushing means mounted on afirst mobile support unit adapted to move it along a correspondingclosed circuit passage comprising of a single following up section ofsaid at least one manufactured article during which the movement isimposed between said first roller and/or brush means and said at leastone manufactured article, and a single return section, said following upsection being developed in a direction that slopes in relation to themovement direction of said at least one manufactured article. 13.Equipment for rolling and/or brushing according to the previous claim,characterised in that it comprises at least a second rolling and/orbrushing means for simultaneous rolling and brushing of said at leastone manufactured article and a successive article.
 14. Equipment forrolling and/or brushing according to one or more previous claims,comprising an overhead conveyor system for said at least onemanufactured article, presenting at least one support organ adapted tosupport and revolve said at least one manufactured article around anaxis substantially at right angles to the movement direction of said atleast one manufactured article, and characterised in that said supportorgan presents a first plate-shaped positioning element engaged to slidealong the corresponding first guide means adapted to block said at leastone manufactured article in a first pre-established angular position inrelation to the relative rotating axis during rolling and/or brushingoperations, and at least one second plate-shaped positioning elementengaged to slide along the corresponding at least second guide meansadapted to block said at least one manufactured article in a secondpre-established angular position in relation to the relative rotatingaxis during rolling and/or brushing operations.
 15. Equipment forrolling and/or brushing according to one or more previous claims,characterised in that said first and at least second plate shapedelements have a lying plane substantially at right angles to each otherto block said at least one manufactured article in a firstpre-established angular position or in a second pre-established angularposition substantially rotated by 90° in relation to the firstestablished angular position during rolling and/or brushing operations.16. Equipment for rolling and/or brushing according to one or moreprevious claims, characterised in that said at least first and secondrolling and/or brushing means presents an axis at right angles to saidsloping direction of said following up section.
 17. Equipment forrolling and/or brushing according to one or more previous claims,characterised in that said guide means of said first and secondpositioning elements is propelled by a corresponding linear actuator atright angles to the movement direction of said at least one manufacturedarticle.
 18. Equipment for rolling and/or brushing according to one ormore previous claims, characterised in that said at least first mobilesupport unit of said at least first rolling and/or brushing meanscomprises a carriage moved along a corresponding sloping upright of theequipment frame driven by a motor through a transmission organ. 19.Equipment for rolling and/or brushing according to one or more previousclaims, characterised in that it includes at least a first moving meansmounted on said at least first mobile support unit of said at leastfirst rolling and/or brushing equipment set at right angles to themovement direction of the said at least one manufactured article,between the idle position and operating position.
 20. Equipment forrolling and/or brushing according to one or more previous claims,characterised in that said at least first moving means comprises anactuator for the linear control of a carriage sliding on a guide atright angles to the movement direction of said at least one manufacturedarticle, said a carriage supporting said at least first rolling and/orbrushing means and a rotation control motor for said at least firstrolling means.
 21. Equipment for rolling and/or brushing according toone or more previous claims, characterised in that it foresees theapplication of a coating layer in deformable elastic material to theside surface of the rollers, presenting a working face composed of aseries of peaks and hollows specifically processed thereon according tothe graphic effect one intends obtaining on the manufactured article 22.Equipment for rolling and/or brushing according to one or more previousclaims, characterised in that said rollers are directed to roll with orwithout a sliding action on the manufactured article according to thegraphic effect one intends obtaining.
 23. Manufactured article having acoating obtained through the application of powder paint, characterisedin that it comprises a first layer of base coat that penetrates theporous surface of the manufactured article, a second light paint layerthat penetrates the first paint layer at least partially, and a thirdpaint layer that penetrates at least the second paint layer, saidcoating having a variable thickness obtained through a rolling actionaccompanied by a rolling and sliding action applied to the third paintlayer before polymerisation to confer the desired tactile and visualeffect on the manufactured article.
 24. Decorative method used on atleast one manufactured article through the application of powder paintand the relative equipment as described and illustrated.